孟子（ 维基百科）

Taking Delight in Having One's Mistakes Pointed Out
 
Being "delighted to have one's mistakes pointed out by others," is an ancient Chinese saying that embodies the very essence of Chinese traditional culture. It bespeaks of people of the past who accepted others' criticism and opinions and used them to correct and improve themselves.
 
Emperor Shun, a 23rd-22nd century BC leader of ancient China, made a practice of being delighted to have his mistakes pointed out. Under his leadership, he ushered in a new era of effective governance and harmonious societal reforms.
 
He ordered various grain seeds to be sown based on calculated seasonal conditions. He introduced irrigation by constructing ditches and drainage systems. He dredged rivers and controlled floods. He introduced the five penalties and eliminated four ferocious tribes. He appointed capable officials to oversee landscaping, agriculture, education, justice, and other important aspects of the society.
 
Emperor Shun became the lord of the largest league of tribes in central China. Historically, these tribes were thought to be one of the first ancestors of Chinese civilization to emphasize virtue and the adherence to the laws of nature.
 
Mencius (372 – 289 BC), a Chinese philosopher who was arguably the most famous Confucian after Confucius himself, taught his students about having the courage to accept criticisms. Mencius used three ancient figures as examples: Zilu, a disciple of Confucius, Emperor Yu and Emperor Shun. Mencius said, “When others pointed out mistakes made by Zilu, he was very happy. When Emperor Yu heard of something beneficial from someone, he would salute the person. Emperor Shun was even more outstanding. He had a remarkable ability to involve others while performing good deeds. He never stopped learning from others, eliminating his own shortcomings and improving himself. In this way, Emperor Shun was able to benefit numerous tribes through his virtuous actions. From his humble beginnings as a farmer, pottery craftsman, then fisherman, Shun worked his way up to become emperor. For his whole life he remained open to learning from others."
 
Li Shimin, known as Emperor Taizong of Tang (599 – 649 AD), was also a benevolent sage-like emperor. During his reign (627 – 649 AD), China reached its peak in power and prestige, known as the Golden Years of Zhenguan Era. One cannot dismiss his character of being open to accepting criticisms.
 
One day in the eighteenth year of the Zhenguan era, Emperor Taizong convened with various ministers in the imperial court. He said, "I would like to listen to your comments regarding my mistakes. Please just focus on my mistakes and speak freely."
 
Zhangsun Wuji and several other ministers chimed in, "Your Majesty carries out education and change with mercy and virtue. The world lives in peace and enjoys prosperity. What mistakes can there possibly be?"
 
Liu Ji, a chancellor, disagreed, "Your Majesty's sage-like virtue is indeed as immense as Zhangsun Wuji explained. However, recently someone submitted a written suggestion that did not please Your Majesty. Your Majesty scolded and interrogated the official in front of everyone. The official stepped back in line overcome with shame. This approach does not encourage officials to offer constructive criticism." Taizong was pleased and said, "What you said is correct. Mark my word that I will correct it!"
 
History serves as a mirror. Upon hearing others point out our mistakes, we need to face these mistakes head-on and have the fortitude and courage to learn from others. Only by becoming a good listener can we become wise. Only by correcting our mistakes, practicing good deeds, and constantly focusing inward, can we have a mature understanding of ourselves and of the world around us.
 
闻过则喜
 
闻过则喜，顾名思义，就是别人批评自己错误时依旧保持一种良好的心态，欣然、虚心的接受意见。这不仅体现著个人的修为与素养，更是中华民族传统文化的精髓。
 
舜帝是道德文化的鼻祖，他在位时，命后稷按时播植百谷；挖沟开渠以利灌溉；疏通河道，治理洪水；公布五刑，除去四凶族。舜知人善任选用能人，如舜任命了许多官职：命禹作司空，主平水土；命弃作后稷，主管农业；命契作司徒，主管五教；命皋陶管理五刑等等。舜为首领时，把各项工作都做的很好，开创了上古时期政通人和的局面，所以舜成为中原最强大的盟主。舜帝造福于百姓，更具有闻过则喜的德行。
 
孟子对他的弟子们谈到勇于接受批评的问题时，举出历史上三个善于接受别人意见的人，即孔子的弟子子路、禹和舜。孟子说：“子路，别人指出他的过错，他就很高兴。大禹听到有教益的话，就给人家敬礼。伟大的舜帝更为了不得，总是与别人共同做善事。舍弃自己的缺点，学习人家的优点，非常快乐地吸取别人的长处来行善。从他种地、做陶器、捕鱼一直到做帝王，没有哪个时候他不向别人学习。”
 
在唐太宗李世民执政期间，唐朝国力强盛，被称为贞观之治。这样一位贤明的圣君，他闻过则喜的品德至今令人不能忘怀。贞观十八年，太宗对群臣道： “现在我想听听自己有何过失，你们要畅所欲言，专谈我的缺点。”长孙无忌等大臣都说：“陛下以恩德教化，使天下太平，有何过失。”侍中刘洎却说：“陛下圣德确如长孙无忌所言，但近来有人上书，陛下觉得不称心，当面诘难，使上书者惭愧退下，这不是褒奖进言之路。”太宗听后，高兴地表示：“你说得对，我一定改正。”
 
历史给了我们很好的借鉴，闻过，就要敢于正视；闻过，就要虚怀雅量。听其言，纳其说，方能集他人智慧。常自省，方能使自己日臻成熟。